Sodium benzoate is a widely used preservative, known for its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria, yeast, and fungi. It appears as a white crystalline powder and is the sodium salt of benzoic acid. Commonly found in acidic foods and beverages like soft drinks, fruit juices, and pickles, sodium benzoate extends shelf life by preventing spoilage. Beyond food preservation, it is also used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products for its antimicrobial properties. Due to its effectiveness and safety within regulated limits, sodium benzoate is a key ingredient in maintaining the freshness and stability of various products.